What farmers need to know before converting infrastructure on the farm

You've decided you want to expand or diverse your operation. Your first consideration may be to convert existing infrastructure on the farm, such as a confinement barn or open feedlot. Before you get started, it's important to consider the rules and regulations that apply to your plans. "No matter the size of your operation, what species you're raising or production practices you're following — there are rules," says Brian Waddingham, executive director for the Coalition to Support Iowa's Farmers.

In his role, Waddingham helps farmers navigate the hundreds of pages of rules and regulations that apply to Iowa's farmers, "The Coalition's primary mission is to help grow Iowa's livestock and poultry industries successfully and responsibly," he says. These rules and regulations don't just apply to new construction, they also apply to converting existing infrastructures and open feedlots. However, farmers should not be intimidated by the process. Here are the first steps to ensure your expansion or conversion goes as planned, saving you time and money.

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1. Know which rules and regulations apply to your animal units.

It's important to calculate how many animal units you will have. This will determine the rules and regulations that apply. In Iowa, farms with less than 500 animal units have different restrictions than farms with 500 to 999, or farms with 1,000 or more. Farms with more than 500 animal units also require a manure management plan and proper certification for manure application.

Waddingham says farmers need to notify Department of Natural Resources (DNR) when they plan to add additional livestock or convert an existing infrastructure into something else. They should also reach out to their manure management plan provider when deciding to change species or production practices so they can update the plan and it be submitted prior to adding livestock to the infrastructure.

2. Always consider water sources and soil types beforehand.

When converting already existing infrastructure, be sure to consider nearby water sources and soil types. This is a primary step farmers should take before they make changes to a confinement barn or open feedlot. Waddingham tells farmers to consider proximity to wells, creeks, rivers, and designated wetlands. There are also soil type restrictions when it comes to certain infrastructure. In some cases, you may need to hire an engineer to look for the water and land regulations that apply to your plans.

3. When plans change, don't hesitate to call!

When it comes to making any expansion or conversion changes on the farm, don't hesitate to make a phone call to someone who can help make sure you're in compliance.

"It's a free call and confidential service we provide. With the price of new facilities today, that one call could save you $2 million dollars or more, the price of many livestock barns today," says Waddingham.

Since 2004, the Coalition has helped more than 5,200 farm families, offering a second set of eyes and peace of mind. This ultimately supports farm growth, enhances relationships with neighbors and the community, and safeguards natural resources. These rules and regulations can vary by state, so be sure to contact a trusted farmer organization that can help with your specific location.